Sunburn

Malaria, Sore throat, Blisters, Burns, Rattlesnake bite, Sore throat and toothache

Echinacea

Eastern Deciduous Forest and Tallgrass Prairies

Genus and Species: Echinacea purpurea

Habitat: Found in both moist, well-drained soil, and also humid and dry conditions. It extends from Texas and Georgia all the way to Michigan

Seasons: Summer to fall

Active Chemical Ingredient: Quercetin

Chemical Structure:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercetin

Uses of Specimen:

• The leaves, flower, and root are used in making a tea in order to treat Malaria, sore throat, and toothache
• A tincture is used to treat rattlesnake bite, rope burn, and sunburn (prepared topically in treating blisters and burns)

http://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/echinacea-benefits.html

Blisters, Diarrhea, Skin problems

America Bittersweet

Eastern Deciduous Forest and Tall Grass Prairies

Genus and Species: Celastrus Scandens

Habitat: Native to Illinois but has spread out from there. Is most commonly found in partially shaded conditions, but can be found in many different places from full sun to light shade and moist to dry soil

Seasons: Bloom in fall and winter

Active Chemical Ingredient: Atropine

Chemical Structure:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropine

Uses of Specimen:

• Tea made from roots to treat skin problems and diarrhea
• Bark used as an ointment to treat minor skin problems, blisters, and burns externally
• Leaves used to treat diarrhea (orally)

http://www.bio.brandeis.edu/fieldbio/medicinal_plants/pages/American_Bittersweet.htm

Minor burns

Witch Hazel

Eastern Deciduous Forest

Genus and Species: Hamamelis virginiana

Habitat: Eastern and mid-western United States. Well shaded forests with low moisture in the soil

Seasons: Peaks between October and November

Active Chemical Ingredient: Kaempferol

Chemical Structure:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaempferol

Uses of Specimen:

• The plant is taken by the mouth to treat diarrhea
• Apply directly to the skin for swelling, insect bites, minor burns, and frostbite
• Apply also to tighten the skin or slow down and even stop bleeding
• Also helps pain

http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-227-witch%20hazel.aspx?activeingredientid=227&activeingredientname=witch%20hazel

Suture and infection

Horsetail

Tall Grass Prairies

Genus and Species: Equisetum arvense

Habitat: Wet areas, roadsides, and fields, can also be found in

Seasons:

Active Chemical Ingredient: Kaempferol

Chemical Structure: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaempferol

Uses of Specimen:

• Tea of stems helps treat infection in wounds and stop bleeding
• Poultice makes a good bandage

http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-843-horsetail.aspx?activeingredientid=843&activeingredientname=horsetail

Suture and bandage

Balsam Fir

Eastern Deciduous Forest

Genus and Species: Abies balsamea

Habitat: Wet cool woods, northeastern United States

Seasons: September to November

Active Chemical Ingredient: Limonene

Chemical Structure:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limonene

Uses of Specimen:

• Pine can be used as sutures
• Apply pitch to help bandage up wounds, burns, and boils

http://survivaltopics.com/balsam-fir-pitch/

Pain

Weeping Willow

Eastern Deciduous Forest and Tall Grass Prairies

Genus and Species: Salix babylonica

Habitat: Stretches across the western and central/eastern United States. It is found in both shady and sunny areas near or around water

Seasons: First indications in spring (February)

Active Chemical Ingredient: Salicylic acid

Chemical Structure: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Salicylic_acid_chemical_structure.png

Uses of Specimen:

• The salicylic acid is used to treat pain
• It is an anti inflammatory
• Use the leaves to treat skin sores and a blood purifier to prevent infections
• Chew the bark in order to reduce swelling (broken bone, sprained ankle, sore throat)
• Rub directly on the skin for frostbite

https://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/willow-bark